一.本案例基于UDP的socket編程方法來制作五子棋程序，網(wǎng)絡(luò)五子棋采用C/S架構(gòu)，分為服務(wù)器端和客戶端，游戲時(shí)服務(wù)端首先啟動(dòng)，當(dāng)客戶端啟動(dòng)連接后，服務(wù)器端可以走棋，輪到自己棋才可以在棋盤上落子，同時(shí)下方標(biāo)簽會(huì)顯示對(duì)方走起信息，服務(wù)器端用戶可以通過“退出游戲”按鈕可以結(jié)束游戲；

1.數(shù)據(jù)通信協(xié)議

網(wǎng)絡(luò)五子棋游戲設(shè)計(jì)的難點(diǎn)在于對(duì)方進(jìn)行通信，這里使用面向非連接的Socket編程，Socket編程用于C/S開發(fā)，在這類應(yīng)用中，客戶端和服務(wù)器端通常需要先建立連接，然后發(fā)送和接收數(shù)據(jù)，交互完成后需要斷開連接，本章采用基于UDP的Socket編程實(shí)現(xiàn)，這里雖然兩臺(tái)計(jì)算機(jī)不分主次，但涉及時(shí)候假設(shè)一臺(tái)作為服務(wù)器端，等待其他方加入，其他想加入必須輸入服務(wù)器端主機(jī)的IP；

下面展示一些 數(shù)據(jù)通信協(xié)議代碼。

def receiveMessage(): global s while True: global addr data,addr=s.recvfrom(1024) data=data.decode(’utf-8’) a=data.split('|') if not data: print('client has exited!') break elif a[0]==’join’: #連接服務(wù)器請(qǐng)求 print(’client 連接服務(wù)器！’) label1['text']=’client連接服務(wù)器成功，請(qǐng)你走棋！’ elif a[0]==’exit’: print(’client 對(duì)方退出！’) label1['text']=’client對(duì)方退出，游戲結(jié)束！’ elif a[0]==’over’: print(’對(duì)方贏信息！’) label1['text']=data.split('|')[0] showinfo(title='提示',message=data.split('|')[1]) elif a[0]==’move’: print(’received:’,data,’from’,addr) p=a[1].split(',') x=int(p[0]) y=int(p[1]) print(p[0],p[1]) label1['text']='客戶端走的位置'+p[0]+p[1] drawOtherChess(x,y) s.close()

2.判斷輸贏的算法

本游戲關(guān)鍵技術(shù)就是判斷輸贏的算法，對(duì)于算法實(shí)現(xiàn)大致可以分為以下幾個(gè)部分：

（1）判斷X=Y軸上是否形成五子連珠；

（2）判斷X=-Y軸上是否形成五子連珠；

（3）判斷X軸上是否形成五子連珠；

（4）判斷Y軸上是否形成五子連珠；

#輸贏判斷def win_lose(): a=str(turn) print('a=',a) for i in range(0,11): for j in range(0,11): if map[i][j]==a and map[i+1][j+1]==a and map[i+2][j+2]==a and map[i+3][j+3]==a and map[i+4][j+4]==a: print('x=y軸上形成五子連珠') return True for i in range(4,15): for j in range(0,11): if map[i][j]==a and map[i-1][j+1]==a and map[i-2][j+2]==a and map[i-3][j+3]==a and map[i-4][j+4]==a: print('x=-y軸上形成五子連珠') return True for i in range(0,15): for j in range(4,15): if map[i][j]==a and map[i][j-1]==a and map[i][j-2]==a and map[i][j-2]==a and map[i][j-4]==a: print('Y軸上形成了五子連珠') return True for i in range(0,11): for j in range(0,15): if map[i][j]==a and map[i+1][j]==a and map[i+2][j]==a and map[i+3][j]==a and map[i+4][j]==a: print('X軸形成五子連珠') return True return False

二. 源代碼：

1.客戶端編程代碼如下：

from tkinter import *from tkinter.messagebox import *import socketimport threadingimport os#主程序root=Tk()root.title('網(wǎng)絡(luò)五子棋v2.0--UDP客戶端')imgs=[PhotoImage(file=’E:gameBlackStone.gif’),PhotoImage(file=’E:gameWhiteStone.gif’)]turn=0Myturn=-1#畫對(duì)方棋子def drawOtherChess(x,y): global turn img1=imgs[turn] cv.create_image((x*40+20,y*40+20),image=img1) cv.pack() map[x][y]=str(turn) #換下一方走棋 if turn==0: turn=1 else: turn=0#發(fā)送消息def sendMessage(pos): global s s.sendto(pos.encode(),(host,port))#退出函數(shù)def callexit(event): pos='exit|' sendMessage(pos) os._exit(0)#走棋函數(shù)def callback(event): global turn global Myturn if Myturn==-1: Myturn=turn else: if(Myturn!=turn): showinfo(title='提示',message='還沒輪到自己走棋') return #print('clicked at',event.x,event.y) x=(event.x)//40 y=(event.y)//40 print('clicked at',x,y,turn) if map[x][y]!=' ': showinfo(title='提示',message='已有棋子') else: img1=imgs[turn] cv.create_image((x*40+20,y*40+20),image=img1) cv.pack() map[x][y]=str(turn) pos=str(x)+’,’+str(y) sendMessage('move|'+pos) print('客戶端走的位置',pos) label1['text']='客戶端走的位置'+pos #輸出輸贏信息 if win_lose( )==True: if turn==0: showinfo(title='提示',message='黑方你贏了') sendMessage('over|黑方你贏了！') else: showinfo(title='提示',message='白方你贏了！') sendMessage('over|白方你贏了！') #換下一方走棋： if turn==0: turn=1 else: turn=0#畫棋盤def drawQiPan( ): #畫棋盤 for i in range(0,15): cv.create_line(20,20+40*i,580,20+40*i,width=2) for i in range(0,15): cv.create_line(20+40*i,20,20+40*i,580,width=2) cv.pack()#輸贏判斷def win_lose(): a=str(turn) print('a=',a) for i in range(0,11): for j in range(0,11): if map[i][j]==a and map[i+1][j+1]==a and map[i+2][j+2]==a and map[i+3][j+3]==a and map[i+4][j+4]==a: print('x=y軸上形成五子連珠') return True for i in range(4,15): for j in range(0,11): if map[i][j]==a and map[i-1][j+1]==a and map[i-2][j+2]==a and map[i-3][j+3]==a and map[i-4][j+4]==a: print('x=-y軸上形成五子連珠') return True for i in range(0,15): for j in range(4,15): if map[i][j]==a and map[i][j-1]==a and map[i][j-2]==a and map[i][j-2]==a and map[i][j-4]==a: print('Y軸上形成了五子連珠') return True for i in range(0,11): for j in range(0,15): if map[i][j]==a and map[i+1][j]==a and map[i+2][j]==a and map[i+3][j]==a and map[i+4][j]==a: print('X軸形成五子連珠') return True return False#接受消息def receiveMessage(): #接受消息 global s while True: data = s.recv(1024).decode(’utf-8’) a = data.split('|') if not data: print(’server has exited!’) break elif a[0] == ’exit’: print(’對(duì)方退出！’) lanel1['text'] = ’對(duì)方退出！游戲結(jié)束！’ elif a[0] == ’over’: print(’對(duì)方贏信息！’) label1['text'] = data.split('|')[0] showinfo(title='提示', message=data.split('|')[1]) elif a[0] == ’move’: print(’received:’, data) p = a[1].split(',') x = int(p[0]) y = int(p[1]) print(p[0], p[1]) label1['text'] = '服務(wù)器走的位置' + p[0] + p[1] drawOtherChess(x,y) s.close()#啟動(dòng)線程接受客戶端消息def startNewThread(): thread=threading.Thread(target=receiveMessage,args=()) thread.setDaemon(True) thread.start()#主程序map=[[' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' '] for y in range(15)]cv=Canvas(root,bg=’green’,width=610,height=610)drawQiPan()cv.bind('<Button-1>',callback)cv.pack()label1=Label(root,text='客戶端...')label1.pack()button1=Button(root,text='退出游戲')button1.bind('<Button-1>',callexit)button1.pack()#創(chuàng)建UDPs=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_DGRAM)port=8000host=’localhost’pos=’join|’sendMessage(pos)startNewThread()root.mainloop()

2.數(shù)據(jù)通信協(xié)議源代碼：

下面展示一些 數(shù)據(jù)通信協(xié)議源代碼。

def receiveMessage(): global s while True: global addr data,addr=s.recvfrom(1024) data=data.decode(’utf-8’) a=data.split('|') if not data: print('client has exited!') break elif a[0]==’join’: #連接服務(wù)器請(qǐng)求 print(’client 連接服務(wù)器！’) label1['text']=’client連接服務(wù)器成功，請(qǐng)你走棋！’ elif a[0]==’exit’: print(’client 對(duì)方退出！’) label1['text']=’client對(duì)方退出，游戲結(jié)束！’ elif a[0]==’over’: print(’對(duì)方贏信息！’) label1['text']=data.split('|')[0] showinfo(title='提示',message=data.split('|')[1]) elif a[0]==’move’: print(’received:’,data,’from’,addr) p=a[1].split(',') x=int(p[0]) y=int(p[1]) print(p[0],p[1]) label1['text']='客戶端走的位置'+p[0]+p[1] drawOtherChess(x,y) s.close()#輸贏判斷def win_lose(): a=str(turn) print('a=',a) for i in range(0,11): for j in range(0,11): if map[i][j]==a and map[i+1][j+1]==a and map[i+2][j+2]==a and map[i+3][j+3]==a and map[i+4][j+4]==a: print('x=y軸上形成五子連珠') return True for i in range(4,15): for j in range(0,11): if map[i][j]==a and map[i-1][j+1]==a and map[i-2][j+2]==a and map[i-3][j+3]==a and map[i-4][j+4]==a: print('x=-y軸上形成五子連珠') return True for i in range(0,15): for j in range(4,15): if map[i][j]==a and map[i][j-1]==a and map[i][j-2]==a and map[i][j-2]==a and map[i][j-4]==a: print('Y軸上形成了五子連珠') return True for i in range(0,11): for j in range(0,15): if map[i][j]==a and map[i+1][j]==a and map[i+2][j]==a and map[i+3][j]==a and map[i+4][j]==a: print('X軸形成五子連珠') return True return Falsedef checkwin(x,y): flag=False count=1 color=map[x][y] i=1 #橫向判斷 while color==map[x+i][y]: count=count+1 i=i+1 i=1 while color==map[x-i][y]: count=count+1 i=i+1 if count>=5: flag=True #豎向判斷 i=1 while color==map[x][y+i]: count=count+1 i=i+1 i=1 while color==map[x][y-i]: count=count+1 i=i+1 if count>=5: flag=True #x=y判斷 i=1 j=1 while color==map[x+i][y+i]: count=count+1 i=i+1 j=j+1 if count>=5: flag=True j=1 i=1 while color==map[x-i][y-i]: count=count+1 i=i+1 j=j+1 if count>=5: flag=True

3.服務(wù)器端源代碼

客戶端源代碼如下：

from tkinter import *from tkinter.messagebox import *import socket,threading,osdef drawQiPan(): for i in range(0,15): cv.create_line(20,20+40*i,580,20+40*i,width=2) for i in range(0,15): cv.create_line(20+40*i,20,20+40*i,580,width=2) cv.pack()#走棋函數(shù)def callpos(event): global turn global Myturn if Myturn==-1: #第一次確認(rèn)自己的角色 Myturn=turn else: if(Myturn!=turn): showinfo(title='提示',message='還沒輪到自己下棋') return #print('clicked at',event.x,event.y,true) x=(event.x)//40 y=(event.y)//40 print('clicked at',x,y,turn) if map[x][y]!=' ': showinfo(title='提示',message='已有棋子') else: img1=imgs[turn] cv.create_image((x*40+20,y*40+20),image=img1) cv.pack() map[x][y]=str(turn) pos=str(x)+','+str(y) sendMessage('move|'+pos) print('服務(wù)器走的位置',pos) label1['text']='服務(wù)器走的位置'+pos #輸出輸贏信息 if win_lose( )==True: if turn==0: showinfo(title='提示',message='黑方你贏了') sendMessage('over|黑方你贏了') else: showinfo(title='提示', message='白方你贏了') sendMessage('over|白方你贏了') #換下一方走棋 if turn==0: turn=1 else: turn=0#發(fā)送消息def sendMessage(pos): global s global addr s.sendto(pos.encode(),addr)#退出函數(shù)def callexit(event): pos='exit|' sendMessage(pos) os._exit(0)#畫對(duì)方棋子def drawOtherChess(x,y): global turn img1=imgs[turn] cv.create_image((x*40+20,y*40+20),image=img1) cv.pack() map[x][y]=str(turn) #換下一方走棋 if turn==0: turn=1 else: turn=0#判斷整個(gè)棋盤的輸贏def win_lose(): a=str(turn) print('a=',a) for i in range(0,11): for j in range(0,11): if map[i][j]==a and map[i+1][j+1]==a and map[i+2][j+2]==a and map[i+3][j+3]==a and map[i+4][j+4]==a: print('x=y軸上形成五子連珠') return True for i in range(4,15): for j in range(0,11): if map[i][j]==a and map[i-1][j+1]==a and map[i-2][j+2]==a and map[i-3][j+3]==a and map[i-4][j+4]==a: print('x=-y軸上形成五子連珠') return True for i in range(0,15): for j in range(4,15): if map[i][j]==a and map[i][j-1]==a and map[i][j-2]==a and map[i][j-2]==a and map[i][j-4]==a: print('Y軸上形成了五子連珠') return True for i in range(0,11): for j in range(0,15): if map[i][j]==a and map[i+1][j]==a and map[i+2][j]==a and map[i+3][j]==a and map[i+4][j]==a: print('X軸形成五子連珠') return True return False#輸出map地圖def print_map(): for j in range(0,15): for i in range(0,15): print(map[i][j],end=’ ’) print(’w’)#接受消息def receiveMessage(): global s while True:#接受客戶端發(fā)送的消息 global addr data,addr=s.recvfrom(1024) data=data.decode(’utf-8’) a=data.split('|') if not data: print(’client has exited!’) break elif a[0]==’join’:#連接服務(wù)器的請(qǐng)求 print(’client 連接服務(wù)器！’) label1['text']=’client連接服務(wù)器成功，請(qǐng)你走棋！’ elif a[0]==’exit’: print(’client對(duì)方退出!’) label1['text']=’client對(duì)方退出，游戲結(jié)束！’ elif a[0]==’over’: print(’對(duì)方贏信息！’) labl1['text']==data.split('|')[0] showinfo(title='提示',message=data.split('1')[1]) elif a[0]==’move’: print(’received:’,data,’from’,addr) p=a[1].split(',') x=int(p[0]) y=int(p[1]) print(p[0],p[1]) label1['text']='客戶端走的位置'+p[0]+p[1] drawOtherChess(x,y) s.close()def startNewThread( ):#啟動(dòng)新線程來接受客戶端消息 thread=threading.Thread(target=receiveMessage,args=()) thread.setDaemon(True) thread.start()root=Tk()root.title('網(wǎng)絡(luò)五子棋v2.0-服務(wù)器端')imgs=[PhotoImage(file=’E:gameBlackStone.gif’),PhotoImage(file=’E:gameWhiteStone.gif’)]turn=0Myturn=-1map=[[' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' '] for y in range(15)]cv=Canvas(root,bg=’green’,width=610,height=610)drawQiPan()cv.bind('<Button-1>',callpos)cv.pack()label1=Label(root,text='服務(wù)器端...')label1.pack()button1=Button(root,text='退出游戲')button1.bind('<Button-1>',callexit)button1.pack()#創(chuàng)建UDP SOCKETs=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_DGRAM)s.bind((’localhost’,8000))addr=(’localhost’,8000)startNewThread()root.mainloop()

運(yùn)行結(jié)果展示：

所有的都在這里了。

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