使用opencv對(duì)圖像進(jìn)行編碼，一方面是圖像二進(jìn)制傳輸?shù)男枰硪环矫鎸?duì)圖像壓縮。以jpeg壓縮為例：

img = cv2.imread(img_path)# 取值范圍：0~100，數(shù)值越小，壓縮比越高，圖片質(zhì)量損失越嚴(yán)重params = [cv2.IMWRITE_JPEG_QUALITY, ratio] # ratio:0~100msg = cv2.imencode('.jpg', img, params)[1]msg = (np.array(msg)).tobytes()print('msg:', len(msg))

對(duì)于png壓縮，改為：

# 取值范圍：0~9，數(shù)值越小，壓縮比越低，圖片質(zhì)量越高params = [cv2.IMWRITE_PNG_COMPRESSION, ratio] # ratio: 0~9msg = cv2.imencode('.png', img, params)[1]msg = (np.array(msg)).tobytes()

對(duì)于圖像解碼，使用imdecode即可解為numpy類型圖像：

img = cv2.imdecode(np.frombuffer(msg, np.uint8), cv2.IMREAD_COLOR)print(img.shape, type(img))2、圖像質(zhì)量壓縮

原圖（48k）：

jpg壓縮：

img_path = r'E:img.jpg'img = cv2.imread(img_path)cv2.imwrite(r'E:ret_80.jpg', img, [cv2.IMWRITE_JPEG_QUALITY, 80])cv2.imwrite(r'E:ret_40.jpg', img, [cv2.IMWRITE_JPEG_QUALITY, 40])cv2.imwrite(r'E:ret_10.jpg', img, [cv2.IMWRITE_JPEG_QUALITY, 10])cv2.imwrite(r'E:ret_0.jpg', img, [cv2.IMWRITE_JPEG_QUALITY, 0])

結(jié)果：

壓縮后圖像大小依次為：49.6K、25.6K、11K、5.02K。jpg壓縮明顯，壓縮到極致時(shí)顏色信息損失嚴(yán)重。

png壓縮：

img_path = r'E:img.jpg'img = cv2.imread(img_path)cv2.imwrite(r'E:ret_0.png', img, [cv2.IMWRITE_PNG_COMPRESSION, 0])cv2.imwrite(r'E:ret_3.png', img, [cv2.IMWRITE_PNG_COMPRESSION, 3])cv2.imwrite(r'E:ret_6.png', img, [cv2.IMWRITE_PNG_COMPRESSION, 6])cv2.imwrite(r'E:ret_9.png', img, [cv2.IMWRITE_PNG_COMPRESSION, 9])

結(jié)果：

壓縮后圖像大小依次為：675K、364K、364K、360K。png格式偏大，壓縮率調(diào)到最高也還有360K，且成像上無明顯變化。

PS：也可以對(duì)圖像壓縮后保存，如：

img_path = r'E:img.jpg'img = cv2.imread(img_path)params = [cv2.IMWRITE_PNG_COMPRESSION, 0]msg = cv2.imencode('.png', img, params)[1]msg = (np.array(msg)).tobytes()print('msg:', len(msg))img = cv2.imdecode(np.frombuffer(msg, np.uint8), cv2.IMREAD_COLOR)cv2.imwrite(rr'E:ret.jpg', img)

bug處理：

早期版本這樣寫：

msg = (np.array(msg)).tostring()改為：msg = (np.array(msg)).tobytes() img = cv2.imdecode(np.fromstring(msg, np.uint8), cv2.IMREAD_COLOR)改為：img = cv2.imdecode(np.frombuffer(msg, np.uint8), cv2.IMREAD_COLOR)

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