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利用promise及參數解構封裝ajax請求的方法
瀏覽：223日期：2022-06-11 15:39:48
目錄
- 1.前端代碼
- 2.后端代碼
- 3.注：
1.前端代碼
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <title>Document</title></head><body> <script> /** * type: get/post * url: http://localhost:3000 http://localhost:3000/details http://localhost:3000/users * data: lid=5 / uname=lili&upwd=123456 * dataType: "" / "json", 如果服務端返回的是json格式字符串，就通過dataType通知ajax函數自動轉換為對象 * **/ ajax({ type: "get", url: "http://localhost:3000", dataType: "json" }) // data 不寫在解構時值默認為 data: undefined ajax({ type: "get", url: "http://localhost:3000/details", data: "lid=0", dataType: "json" }) ajax({ type: "post", url: "http://localhost:3000/users", data: "uname=lili&upwd=123456", }).then(function(res){ alert(res) }) // dataType 不寫在解構時值默認為 dataType: undefined function ajax({type, url,data, dataType}){ return new Promise(function(open){ var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest() xhr.onreadystatechange = function(){ if(xhr.readyState === 4 && xhr.status === 200){ if(dataType === "json"){ var res = JSON.parse(xhr.responseText) }else{ var res = xhr.responseText } console.log(res) open(res) } } if(type === "get" && data !== undefined){ url += `?${data}` } xhr.open(type, url, true) xhr.setRequestHeader("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded") if(type === "get"){ xhr.send() }else{ xhr.send(data) } }) } </script></body></html>另：ajax實際代碼實現如下
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <title>Document</title></head><body> <script> var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest() xhr.onreadystatechange = function(){ if(xhr.readyState === 4 && xhr.status === 200){ console.log(xhr.responseText) } } xhr.open("get", "http://localhost:3000", true) xhr.send() </script></body></html>2.后端代碼
1) 創建一個后端項目
2) 在routes下創建index.js,users.js，代碼如下
// index.jsvar express = require("express");var router = express.Router();/* GET home page. */var products = [ { lid:1, pname:"筆記本", price:3400 }, { lid:2, pname:"手機", price:5400 }, { lid:3, pname:"iPad", price:6400 }]router.get("/", function(req, res, next) { res.send(products)});router.get("/details", function(req, res, next){ var lid = req.query.lid res.send(products[lid])})module.exports = router;// user.jsvar express = require("express");var router = express.Router();/* GET users listing. */router.post("/", function(req, res, next) { var uname = req.body.uname var upwd = req.body.upwd if(uname === "lili" && upwd === "123456"){ res.send("登陸成功") }else{ res.send({ code: 0, message: "用戶名或密碼錯誤" }) }});module.exports = router;3.注：
為避免跨域，可將前端代碼和后端同時放在一個項目內，使用同一地址，再發送請求調取接口
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